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By N2H

Suitability of Outsourcing Egnethed Outsourcing

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Are all Applications Equally Suitable for Outsourcing? Er alle ansøgninger er lige velegnet til Outsourcing?

Those organizations that view IT outsourcing unfavorably are usually those that regard IT services a standard commodity with low strategic value. Disse organisationer at se den outsourcing ugunst er som regel dem, der henvisning IT-services en standard råvare med lav strategisk værdi. On the other hand, companies that believe in the strategic value of IT (that IT gives them special leverage) don’t generally like to outsource. På den anden side, virksomheder, der tror på den strategiske værdi af IT (at det giver dem en særlig gearing) generelt ikke ønsker at outsource.

Applications that are more suitable for outsourcing will usually have the following properties Ansøgninger, der er mere egnet til udlicitering vil normalt have følgende egenskaber

a) They are of a commodity type ie they are of transaction type and have low strategic relevance. a) De er af en vare type dvs. de er transaktionens type og have lav strategisk relevans.

b) They have relatively low uncertainty ie Their workings are well understood and the success of the outsourcing contract is not subject to high risk. b) De har en forholdsvis lav usikkerhed dvs Deres arbejde er godt forstået og succes for outsourcing kontrakt ikke er genstand for stor risiko.

c) The application exhibits low system inter-connectedness within other business applications. c) Ansoegning udviser lav system indbyrdes forbindelser inden for andre business-applikationer. ie dvs.

an application that has few interfaces with other applications systems can easily be operated on a stand alone basis and can therefore be outsourced easily. et program, der har nogle grænseflader med andre applikationer systemer kan let blive drevet på en stand-alone-basis og kan derfor outsourcet let.

d) Internal skills and capacity : If an organization doesn’t have adequate technical skills and operating capacity to handle a particular Information System application then outsourcing may be the foremost option. d) Intern færdigheder og kapacitet: Hvis et foretagende ikke har tilstrækkelige tekniske færdigheder og operationelle kapacitet til at håndtere en særlig informationssystemet ansøgning derefter outsourcing kan det forreste mulighed.

Applications that are more frequently outsourced have the following: Ansøgninger, der er mere hyppigt outsourcet have følgende:

1. Payroll
2. Downsizing project Downsizing projekt
3. Network management Network Management

Outsourcing Contract and Negotiations: Outsourcing Kontrakt og Forhandlinger:

A carefully structured outsourcing contract is the only way to ensure that the anticipated benefits are achieved. En omhyggeligt strukturerede outsourcing kontrakt er den eneste måde at sikre, at de forventede fordele kan opnås. The common problems cited in setting up such a contract revolves around: Den fælles problemer citeret i oprettelsen af en sådan kontrakt drejer sig om:

• Defining service levels Fastlæggelse af serviceniveauet

• Managing the contract and its details Håndtering af kontrakten og dens detaljer

• Staffing of the contract (what to do with the IS staff) Bemandingen af kontrakten (hvad der skal ske med IS personale)

• Cost control within the contract (cost criteria) Omkostningsstyring inden kontrakten (cost kriterier)

In drawing up a contract the following guidelines may be useful. I forbindelse med udarbejdelsen af en kontrakt følgende retningslinjer kan være nyttige.

a) Always discard the vendors standard contract and insist on negotiating your own. a) altid skille de sælgere standardkontrakt og insistere på at forhandle din egen.

b) Do not sign incomplete contracts b) Må ikke underskrive ufuldstændige kontrakter

c) Seek the advise of outsourcing experts c) søge rådgive af outsourcing eksperter

d) Develop service level measures and insist on service level reports d) Udvikle service niveau og insistere på service niveau rapporter

e) Specify evaluation procedures e) Angiv evalueringsprocedurer

f) Include penalties for non performers f) Medtag sanktioner for manglende kunstnere

g) Select an account manager to be in charge of the outsourcing contract g) Vælg en account manager til at være ansvarlige for outsourcing kontrakt

h) Include early termination process h) Medtag tidlig afslutning proces

i) Take care of your IS staff within the contract. i) Pas godt på dine ER personale inden kontrakten.

General Lessons on Outsourcing Generelle erfaringer om outsourcing

1. Public information services (the media) tend to portray an over-optimistic view of IS outsourcing Offentlige informationstjenester (medierne) har tendens til at skildre en over-optimistisk opfattelse af IS outsourcing

2. Outsourcing appears to be a symptom of the problem of demonstrating the value of IS to management. Outsourcing synes at være et symptom på problemet med at demonstrere værdien af IS til styring.

3. Organizational members may initiate outsourcing for reasons other than cost efficiency. Organisatoriske medlemmer kan påbegynde outsourcing af andre årsager end omkostningseffektivitet.

4. Outsourcing vendor may not inherently be more efficient than an internal IS department. Outsourcing sælger kan ikke i sig selv være mere effektiv end en intern ER afdeling.

5. The internal IS department may be able to achieve similar results without vendor assistance. Den interne ER afdeling kan være i stand til at opnå tilsvarende resultater uden at sælgeren bistand.

6. If a company decides to outsource, a contract is the only mechanism to ensure that expectations are realized. Hvis en virksomhed beslutter at udlicitere, en kontrakt er den eneste mekanisme til at sikre, at forventningerne er realiseret.

7. The metaphor (assumption) that Information System is merely a utility is misguided. Den metafor (antagelse), at informationssystemet er blot et hjælpeprogram er forkert.

Facilities Management (FM) Facilities Management (FM)

The terms outsourcing and facilities management are commonly used interchangeably, the term outsourcing is of British origin while FM is American. De udtryk, outsourcing og faciliteter forvaltning er der almindeligvis bruges i flæng, begrebet outsourcing er af britisk oprindelse, mens FM er amerikaner. Closer examination indicates that the term facilities management has a more restricted meaning – the management of a computer installation entails the subcontracting of a firm’s traditional data processing activities to the market place (facilities management vendors). Nærmere undersøgelse viser, at udtrykket faciliteter ledelse har en mere begrænset betydning - forvaltning af en computer installation indebærer udlicitering af en virksomheds traditionelle behandling til markedet (Facility management sælgere).

The primary impetus for FM seems to be cost control and certainty of service. Det primære afsæt for FM synes at være cost kontrol og sikkerhed i tjenesten. In addition facilities management contracts provide for management expertise as well as technical skills. Ud Facility management kontrakter sørge for forvaltning ekspertise såvel som tekniske færdigheder. FM deals are legally binding equivalent of an internal service level agreement. FM omhandler er juridisk bindende svarende til en intern service level aftale. For most organizations, it is this certainty of service that makes FM attractive. For de fleste organisationer, det er denne sikkerhed for service, der gør FM attraktive.

Facilities management occasions issues to do with the organization and management of data center. Facility management lejligheder spørgsmål at gøre med tilrettelæggelse og forvaltning af data center. The vendor will usually appoint a data centre manager (account Manager) with the overall responsibility of managing the activities of the centre. Sælgeren vil normalt udnævne en data center manager (Account Manager) med det overordnede ansvar for forvaltningen af centrets aktiviteter. The persons duties will include planning, organization, staffing, control, innovation representation and communication. De personer, opgaver vil omfatte planlægning, organisering, personale, kontrol, innovation repræsentation og kommunikation.

Organization of work will usually cover data preparation, job scheduling, output dispatch procedures, data communication support, setting and overseeing operation shifts etc. One critical aspect of operations is computer centre security, its access controls, backup procedures or disaster recovery planning. Tilrettelæggelse af arbejdet vil normalt omfatte data forberedelse, job planlægning, produktion afsendelse procedurer, data kommunikation støtte, indstilling og fører tilsyn med driften skift osv. Et kritisk aspekt af operationer er datacenter sikkerhed, sin adgangskontrol, backup-procedurer eller disaster recovery planlægning. The data center manager has the special responsibility of ensuring that the standards of operations work are in line with the clients expectations as expressed in the service level agreement. De data, Center driftsleder har særligt ansvar for at sikre, at standarderne for operationer arbejde er i overensstemmelse med kundernes forventninger, som udtrykt i den service level aftale.

This calls for well trained highly productive staff with a clear focus on results. Dette kræver veluddannede yderst produktive medarbejdere med klart fokus på resultater. The recruitment and training aspects of such staff will therefore need to be addressed very carefully. Ansættelse og uddannelse aspekter af dette personale vil derfor skal behandles meget forsigtigt. Such staff will normally be expected to meet world class standards. Sådanne medarbejdere vil normalt forventes at opfylde verdensklasse standarder. Most of the other roles of the data centre manager are similar to the roles of a conventional IS/IT manager. De fleste af de øvrige roller for data center manager svarer til de roller, som en konventionel IS / IT-chef.

When an FM contract is in place, this leaves the in-house IS unit with ample time to deal with strategy and policy issues in addition to managing a vendor. Når en FM-kontrakt er på plads, dette giver den in-house ER enhed med rigelig tid til at beskæftige sig med strategi og politiske spørgsmål ud til at styre en forhandler. Facility management may be more involving than it seems mainly because quality in the provision of service is often difficult to agree upon. Facility management kan være mere inddrage end det forekommer hovedsagelig fordi kvalitet i leveringen af service er ofte vanskeligt at blive enige om. The IS unit should also guard against becoming closer to the service vendor than the service consumer. Det er kontor bør også sikre sig mod at blive tættere på service leverandør end den service forbruger.

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